Conditional
1.
Zero
conditional:
−
When
you heat ice, it melts/ if you heat ice, it melts
●Form: When/ If
+ S + verb in the present simple, S + verb in the present simple
●Use: Zero
conditional is used to express a fact or a general issue.
2.
Conditional
type :“I”:
−
If
I have money, I will buy a car.
●Form: if + S +
Verb in the present simple, S + will + infinitive of the verb
●Use: conditional
type “I” is used to indicate that something is possible and also very likely to
be fulfilled in the future.
3.
Conditional
type: “II”:
− If I had money, I would/ could/ might buy a
car.
●Form: If + S +
Verb in the past simple, S + would/ could/ might ….+ infinitive of the verb
●Use: conditional
type “II” is used to indicate that something is possible, but very unlikely to
be fulfilled at present time.
4. Conditional type
“III”:
If i had
revised my lessons, i would /could/ might have passed the exam
I would/
could/might have passed the exam if i had revised my lessons
Form:
● If + S + past perfect, S
+ would/ could/ might… + have + past participle of the verb.
● S + would/ could/ might…
+ have + past participle of the verb + if + S + past perfect
→ a third
conditional sentence consists of two clauses: an if-clause and the main clause:
− If the if-clause comes first, a comma is
usually used.
− If the if-clause comes second, there is no
need for a comma.
use: the third
conditional is used to talk about things which didn’t happen in the past. It is
often used to express criticism and regret.
|
Example
|
Explanation
|
|
If you had driven more carefully, you
wouldn’t have had an accident
|
→ Criticism: you had an accident because you didn’t
drive carefully.
|
|
If we had played a little better, we could
have won the game
|
→ regret: we didn’t play well, so we lost the game
|
5) The difference between “when” and “if” in
conditional sentences:
● “If” → is used for something that, according to the
speaker might happen (he is not sure).
e.g: we
can spend the afternoon on the beach if the weather is fine.
● “When” → is used for something that, according to the
speaker, will happen (he is sure).
e.g: I
will clean up the kitchen right away when I’m back from work
